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Vocabulary

Mar 07, 2024

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Cách học động từ bất quy tắc (Irregular Verbs) nhanh nhất hành tinh

Learning English with The AN and freSy

Động từ được chia thành hai dạng - sử dụng có quy tắc và không theo quy tắc. Dạng động từ bất quy tắc có đến 360 từ phổ biến và hơn 600 từ được liệt kê đầy đủ (ngoài ra còn có thêm những từ mới khác).

Vậy làm thế nào phân biệt được hai dạng động từ bất quy tắc và động từ thường? Hãy cùng tham khảo một số điểm để xác định đúng hơn dạng có quy tắc hay bất quy tắc nhé.

A. Động từ CÓ QUY TẮT

Các động từ có quy tắc trong tiếng Anh được sử dụng ở thì quá khứ đơn hoặc hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc các dạng bị động (câu bị động) thì đều có dạng chung là thêm đuôi “ed” vào đằng sau động từ đó.

Ví dụ:

Động từ	Quy tắc thêm đuôi “ed”
Cry	Cried
Work	Worked
Stop	Stopped
Cook	Cooked
Pull	Pulled
Stay	Stayed
Want	Wanted
Look	Looked
Prefer	Preferred

B. Động từ BẤT QUY TẮT

1. Động từ bất quy tắc là gì?

Những động từ khi chuyển sang dạng quá khứ hoặc quá khứ phân từ mà không theo quy tắc chia đuôi “ed” được gọi là động từ bất quy tắc.

Đây là những động từ bắt buộc bạn phải học thuộc, ghi nhớ kỹ để áp dụng trong chia động từ theo thì (thì quá khứ - dùng thể quá khứ, V2 và các thì hoàn thành - sử dụng quá khứ phân từ II, viết tắt Vpii hoặc V3), chia theo cấu trúc câu để tránh sai lầm khi áp dụng cho bài thi của mình.

Ví dụ:

⌘ Thì hiện tại đơn: He sees a dog.
⌘ Thì quá khứ đơn: He saw a dog.
⌘ Thì hiện tại hoàn thành: He has seen a dog.

Động từ bất quy tắc là một phần quan trọng trong kiến thức về động từ mà các bạn cần ghi nhớ.

2. Làm thế nào để nhớ được động từ bất quy tắc?

Không có quy tắc nên bạn bắt buộc phải học thuộc các từ này. Để học được hiệu quả, bạn nên nhóm các từ theo cụm để dễ ghi nhớ hơn hoặc tìm cách nào đó mà bạn thấy thuận tiện để nhớ.

Chép lại bằng tay những động từ bất quy tắc khi lần đầu học. Bạn có thể học quyển 360 động từ bất quy tắc thông dụng - đây là những từ được dùng nhiều nhất. Việc chép lại và kẻ bảng ban đầu sẽ giúp bạn tự ghi nhớ lần 1.

2.1 Học theo nhóm

Cách học để nhớ lâu khuyến khích là chia các động từ theo nhóm như thế này, bạn thử nhớ xem sao nhé.

a. Động từ có V1 tận cùng là "ed" thì V2, V3 là "d"

Ví dụ:

V1	V2	V3	Nghĩa
feed	fed	fed	nuôi dạy, cho ăn
bleed	bled	bled	(làm) chảy máu
breed	bred	bred	sinh, nuôi dạy

b. Động từ V1 có tận cùng là "ay" thì V2, V3 là "aid"

Ví dụ:

V1	V2	V3	Nghĩa
say	said	said	nói
lay	laid	laid	đặt để

c. Động từ V1 có tận cùng là "d" thì V2, V3 là "t"

Ví dụ:

V1	V2	V3	Nghĩa
bend	bent	bent	uốn cong
send	sent	sent	gửi

d. Động từ V1 có tận cùng là "ow" thì V2 là "ew", V3 là "own"

Ví dụ:

V1	V2	V3	Nghĩa
know	knew	known	hiểu biết
blow	blew	blown	thổi
grow	grew	grown	mọc, trồng
throw	threw	thrown	liệng, ném, quăn

e. Động từ V1 có tận cùng là "ear" thì V2 là "ore", V3 là "orn"

Ví dụ:

V1	V2	V3	Nghĩa
bear	bore	born	mang, chịu (sanh đẻ)
tear	tore	torn	xé rách

Lưu ý: Động từ “Hear” là ngoại lệ: Hear (V1) → heard (V2) → heard (V3)

f. Động từ V1 có nguyên âm "i" thì V2 là "a", V3 là "u"

Ví dụ:

V1	V2	V3	Nghĩa
begin	began	begun	bắt đầu
drink	drank	drunk	uống
sing	sang	sung	hát
sink	sank	sunk	chìm

g. Động từ có V1 tận cùng là "m" hoặc "n" thì V2, V3 giống nhau và thêm "t"

Ví dụ:

V1	V2	V3	Nghĩa
dream	dreamt	dreamt	mơ, mơ mộng
mean	meant	meant	ý nghĩa, ý muốn nói

Có nhiều nguồn chia sẻ có đến 600 động từ bất quy tắc trong tiếng Anh tuy nhiên thì các bạn không cần học nhiều như thế, chỉ sử dụng các từ cơ bản hay gặp nhất thôi. Vì nhớ 600 động từ sẽ khá khó nên nhớ tầm 200 - 360 động từ bất quy tắc là đủ. Mà 360 là thông dụng nhất.

Bên cạnh việc phân nhóm để học thì bạn có thể sử dụng mẹo học khác như dưới đây.

2.2 Học chay mỗi ngày

Học 10 từ mỗi ngày, học thuộc từ. Bên cạnh đó, bạn kết hợp học song song với cách sử dụng của các thì quá khứ và hoàn thành để sử dụng luôn theo ngữ cảnh.

Bạn có thể ghi từ ở những nơi dễ nhớ để học được mọi lục mọi nơi.

Tuy nhiên, học thuộc không có nghĩa là bạn chỉ đọc đi đọc lại mỗi ngày 5 – 10 từ. Hãy biến việc học thuộc trở nên thú vị hơn bằng việc tự tạo cho mình một bảng động từ bất quy tắc riêng, viết lại ra giấy và cố gắng trang trí, diễn giả cụ thể nhất theo ý mình (bao gồm dạng nguyên thể, dạng quá khứ đơn và quá khứ hoàn thành). Chính việc tự chuẩn bị bảng này sẽ giúp bạn ghi nhớ lâu hơn và nắm được vị trí của từng từ bởi mỗi lần viết là một lần học.

Ngoài ra bạn nên giới hạn số lượng từ học mỗi ngày là từ 5-10 động từ (tương đương với 15 – 30 từ của 3 dạng), không nên cố gắng học “nhồi” quá nhiều một lúc bởi nếu học nhiều mà không có sự ôn tập mỗi ngày sẽ khiến lượng kiến thức ấy khó có thể đọng lại lâu dài.

Sau khi hoàn thành Bảng Động Từ Bất Quy Tắc, hãy nhìn bao quát và chọn ra từng nhóm từ có chung cách cấu thành dạng quá khứ và quá khứ hoàn thành để dễ dàng ghi nhớ hơn. Sau đó che đi phần dạng quá khứ hoặc dạng quá khứ hoàn thành trong quá trình ôn. Việc điền các từ còn thiếu bị che một cách ngẫu nhiên sẽ giúp bạn ghi nhớ lâu hơn và nhớ được bảng bất quy tắc một cách hệ thống.

2.3 Học qua các ứng dụng trên điện thoại

Hiện nay, chắc hẳn đa số các bạn đều sở hữu Smartphone phải không? Bên canh việc sử dụng cho giải trí, bạn nên tận dụng nguồn ứng dụng miễn phí để phục vụ cho việc học của mình. Chỉ cần vào CH Play (Đối với Android) và Appstore (Đối với IOS), bạn có thể thoải mái tìm kiếm những ứng dụng cho việc ghi nhớ động từ bất quy tắc của mình với từ khóa Irregular verbs.

Một trong những ứng dụng mình tâm đắc nhất đó là Irregular Verbs Words. Điều nổi bật của ứng dụng này đó là nó không chỉ cung cấp bảng động từ bất quy tắc vô cùng đầy đủ, nó còn tích hợp những dạng bài học từ theo sở thích của bạn (như học từng từ, học ngẫu nhiên hoặc chỉ học một số từ nhất định).

Bên cạnh đó, ứng dụng còn bao gồm những trò chơi đa dạng như điền từ, chọn từ thích hợp. Việc tải sẵn ứng dụng này sẽ giúp bạn có thể tranh thủ bất kì khoảng thời gian rảnh nào để ôn tập lại từ vựng mà không cần nhàm chán.

2.4 Học qua bài hát

Có 1 số bài hát sử dụng động từ trong đó có động từ bất quy tắc. Bạn có thể tham khảo:

Học rap qua kênh FluencyMC:

Học qua bài hát ngữ pháp ở kênh SchoolHouse Rock.

Học qua các bài học là một trong những cách nhanh nhất để giúp bạn ghi nhớ từ vựng. Bởi chắc hẳn các bạn đều thấy mình ghi nhớ bài hát nhanh hơn so với việc học từ vựng và ngữ pháp đúng không?

Thông qua việc học qua giai điệu, não cũng bạn sẽ có phản xạ tốt hơn khi gặp lại những từ đó trong tương lai. Về nguồn tài liệu học, hãy ghé thăm kênh Youtube và đánh từ khóa “Irregular verbs songs” để lựa chọn bài hát có giai điệu bắt tai và luyện nghe mỗi ngày nhé.

Tuy nhiên thì cách này sẽ không giúp bạn học hết được các động từ nên tham khảo học vui thôi nhé.

2.5 Học và nhớ từ qua trò chơi

Đây là một cách khá hay để học và vui hơn. Tuy nhiên thì bạn cần có mạng kết nối Internet với các nguồn sau để dễ học:

Trò chơi hỏi đáp quiz của British Council

Hướng dẫn học và chơi:

⌘ Bạn được cung cấp những động từ bất quy tắc thông dụng nhất ở trên.
⌘ Sau đó, bạn nhấn chỗ Iregular verbs và bắt đầu làm bài tập chọn các từ cùng nhóm.
⌘ Nhấn Finish để kết thúc, kiểm tra mình đã nhớ từ được tốt chưa.

Trò chơi có tên Jeopardy của Quia

Hướng dẫn học và chơi:

⌘ Bạn đăng nhập tên vào ô mục yêu cầu.
⌘ Chọn các câu hỏi động từ bất quy tắc bắt đầu bằng....và chơi lấy điểm.

Những cách này khá thú vị nhưng nếu so với cách tự học chay, phân nhóm thì nó chỉ hỗ trợ thêm giúp bạn kiểm tra lại và ghi nhớ các từ. Hãy thử nhé!

C. List of 616 English Irregular Verbs

A comprehensive list of 616 English irregular verbs, including their base form, past simple, past participle and definitions.

Base Form (V1)	Past Simple (V2)	Past Participle (V3)	Definition
A
Abide	Abode/Abided	Abode/Abided/Abidden	To continue To reside\live
Aby/Abey	Abought	Abought	To make amends for something wrong
Alight	Alit/Alighted	Alit/Alighted	To get off a bus, train, etc.
Arise	Arose	Arisen	To originate To get up from horizontal position, out of bed To come into existence
Awake	Awoke	Awoken	To stop sleeping and become conscious
B
Backbite	Backbit	Backbitten	To speak badly about someone
Backfit	Backfit	Backfit	To fit new parts into an older machine that weren't available when the machine was made
Backlight	Backlit	Backlit	To illuminate from behind (photography)
Backslide	Backslid	Backslid/Backslidden	To stop making progress and start regressing
Be	Was/Were	Been	To exist, live or occur. To have as a quality or a state An auxiliary verb
Bear	Bore	Born/Borne	To carry To tolerate To give birth to
Beat	Beat	Beaten	To hit repeatedly
Become	Became	Become	To come into existence
Bedight	Bedight/Bedighted	Bedight/Bedighted	To adorn, decorate
Befall	Befell	Befallen	To happen To happen to somebody or something
Beget	Begot/Begat	Begotten	To cause something to happen To procreate
Begin	Began	Begun	To start something
Begird	Begirt/Begirded	Begirt	To encircle
Behight	Behight	Behight/Behoten	To promise or vow To order
Behold	Beheld	Beheld	To become conscious of by seeing
Belay	Belaid/Belayed	Belaid/Belayed	To secure a boat with a rope To tie up
Bend	Bent	Bent	To curve something by distorting its shape
Bereave	Bereft	Bereft/Bereaved	To lose a relative through their death To deprive
Beseech	Besought/Beseeched	Besought/Beseeched	To ask someone very insistently to do something
Beset	Beset	Beset	To be restricted and occupied by difficulties To be a signal or symbol of something
Bespeak	Bespoke	Bespoken	To set aside or reserve something
Bestrew	Bestrewed	Bestrewed/Bestrewn	To cover a surface by throwing things about randomly
Bestride	Bestrode	Bestridden	To sit or stand with one leg on either side of something
Bet	Bet	Bet	To risk money against the result of a future event
Betake	Betook	Betaken	To go to a place
Bethink	Bethought	Bethought	To think about something To remind yourself
Beweep	Bewept	Bewept	To cry for or over someone or something
Bid	Bid	Bid	To make an offer of money or services
Bid	Bade	Bidden	To command or urge someone to do something
Bide	Bided/Bode	Bided	To wait for To tolerate To withstand
Bind	Bound	Bound	To tie something with string, or similar, to hold it
Bite	Bit	Bitten	To cut or hold with teeth
Blaw	Blawed	Blawn	To blow
Bleed	Bled	Bled	To lose blood through a cut in the skin
Blend	Blended/Blent	Blended/Blent	To mix together
Bless	Blessed/Blest	Blessed/Blest	To wish or confer happiness To make holy
Blow	Blew	Blown	To move air, wind and gases
Bottle-feed	Bottle-fed	Bottle-fed	To feed a baby with a bottle
Bowstring	Bowstrung/Bowstringed	Bowstrung	To strangle with the string from a bow
Break	Broke	Broken	To cause something to separate into at least two pieces
Breast-feed	Breast-fed	Breast-fed	To feed a baby with breast milk
Breed	Bred	Bred	To produce animals or plants by controlling their reproduction
Bring	Brought	Brought	To carry or convey something to the place where you are going
Broadcast	Broadcast/Broadcasted	Broadcast/Broadcasted	To transmit radio or TV signals
Browbeat	Browbeat	Browbeat/Browbeaten	To put pressure on someone or bully them to do something
Build	Built	Built	To construct
Burn	Burnt/Burned	Burnt/Burned	To consume or be consumed by fire
Burst	Burst	Burst	To break something open, usually by internal pressure, such as a balloon with too much air in it
Bust	Bust	Bust	To break
C
Cast	Cast	Cast	To throw or project something
Catch	Caught	Caught	To receive To stop and hold a moving object, usually with your hands To make something unable to escape
Cheerlead	Cheerled	Cheerled	To cheer and support a team in an organised group
Chide	Chid	Chid/Chidden	To tell somebody off when they have done something wrong
Choose	Chose	Chosen	To select
Clap	Clapped/Clapt	Clapped/Clapt	To hit your hands together to make a sound to show approval To make a loud noise, like thunder
Clear-cut	Clear-cut	Clear-cut	To cut down all trees in an area
Cleave	Cleft/Cleaved/Clove	Cleft/Cleaved/Cloven	To separate or divide something, often with force To stick or hold together
Cleek	Claught/Claucht/Cleeked	Cleeked	To grasp or take hold of
Clepe	Cleped	Cleped/Ycleped/Yclept	To call or name
Cling	Clung	Clung	To hold on to or to stick to
Clothe	Clad/Clothed	Clad/Clothed	To dress someone or provide them with clothes
Colorbreed	Colorbred	Colorbred	To breed an animal to be of a particular color
Colorcast	Colorcast	Colorcast	To broadcast in color
Come	Came	Come	To move towards or to arrive at a specified place, time or situation
Cost	Cost	Cost	The amount of money required to buy something; it costs five dollars.
Cost-cut	Cost-cut	Cost-cut	To redcuce costs or expenditure
Counterdraw	Counterdrew	Counterdrawn	To copy by tracing
Counterlight	Counterlit	Counterlit	To light something directly from opposite sides
Cowrite	Cowrote	Cowritten	To write with someone
Crash-dive	Crash-dived/Crash-dove	Crash-dived	To go down very quickly
Creep	Crept	Crept	To move along the ground lying down
Creep-feed	Creep-fed	Creep-fed	To feed young animals in a special area that adult animals can't get in
Crib-bite	Crib-bit	Crib-bitten	To bite its manger and swallow air (of a horse)
Cross-bite	Cross-bit	Cross-bitten	To thwart or stop something happening by deception
Cross-string	Cross-strung	Cross-strung	To place bass strings on a piano across the treble strings
Crossbreed	Crossbred	Crossbred	To breed animals or plants of different species, like a mule, which is a crossbreed of a donkey and a horse
Crosscut	Crosscut	Crosscut	To move between scenes or stories in a film or narrative
Crosslight	Crosslit	Crosslit	To illuminate from different sides, but not directly opposite
Crow	Crowed/Crew	Crowed	To boast To utter a sound indicating pleasure
Cut	Cut	Cut	To break the surface of something with a knife or similar tool
D
Dare	Dared/Durst	Dared	To have sufficient courage
Daydream	Daydreamt/Daydreamt	Daydreamt/Daydreamt	To have dream-like thoughts when a wake To have a fantasy
Deal	Dealt	Dealt	To distribute, especially playing cards in games
Deep-freeze	Deep-froze	Deep-frozen	To freeze or store frozen To suspend progress or activity
Dig	Dug	Dug	To make a hole in the ground
Dight	Dight/Dighted	Dight/Dighted	To dictate orders
Dispread	Dispread	Dispread	To spread out
Disprove	Disproved	Disproven/Disproved	To prove that something is fale or wrong
Dive	Dived/Dove	Dived	To jump head first into water To fall quickly
Do	Did	Done	To perform or carry out
Dogfight	Dogfought	Dogfought	To fight in aeroplanes To arrange a fight between dogs for sport
Dow	Dought/Dowed	Dought/Dowed	To have the ability to do something To do well
Draw	Drew	Drawn	To make a picture using a pen or pencil
Dream	Dreamt/Dreamed	Dreamt/Dreamed	To see visual images while sleeping
Drink	Drank	Drunk	To consume liquids
Drip-feed	Drip-fed	Drip-fed	To feed someone with fluids going into the vein To release information very slowly, bit by bit
Drive	Drove	Driven	To operate and control a car or other vehicle
Dwell	Dwelt	Dwelt	To reside or live somewhere
E
Eat	Ate	Eaten	To consume solid food
End-run	End-ran	End-run	To avoid doing something by cheating or deceit
Engird	Engirt	Engirt	To encircle, encompass
Engrave	Engraved	Engraved/Engraven	To carve letters or a pattern into the surface of something
Enwind	Enwound	Enwound	To make into a coil To wrap around something
F
Fall	Fell	Fallen	To move downwards or to the ground
Farebeat	Farebeat	Farebeaten	To avoid paying fares when using public transport
Fast-cut	Fast-cut	Fast-cut	To cut quickly from one scene to another in a film
Feed	Fed	Fed	To give or supply food
Feel	Felt	Felt	To sense by touch To experience an emotion, or sensation
Fight	Fought	Fought	To try to hurt or kill someone in combat or war
Find	Found	Found	To discover something either by chance or when looking for it
Fit	Fit/Fitted	Fit/Fitted	To be the correct size, for clothes, etc. (fit/fit/fit) To measure someone for size (fit fit/fitted/fit/fitted)
Flash-freeze	Flash-froze	Flash-frozen	To freeze food very rapidly to preserve taste and nutrients
Flee	Fled	Fled	To run away in order to find safety
Fling	Flung	Flung	To throw or move something suddenly
Floodlight	Floodlit	Floodlit	To use powerful lights to illuminate something outside at night
Fly	Flew	Flown	To move through the air To travel by aeroplane
Flyblow	Flyblew	Flyblown	To contaminate by laying eggs, the way a fly does
Forbear	Forbore	Forborne/Forborn	Not to use or talk about something
Forbid	Forbade/Forbad	Forbidden	To prohibit
Force-feed	Force-fed	Force-fed	To feed someone who refuses or doesn't want to eat
Fordo/Foredo	Fordid	Fordone	To ruin or destroy
Forecast	Forecast/Forecasted	Forecast/Forecasted	To predict the future
Forefeel	Forefelt	Forefelt	To have a feeling before something happens To have a premonition
Forego	Forewent	Foregone	To preceed something To go without something
Foreknow	Foreknew	Foreknown	To know something beforehand
Forerun	Foreran	Forerun	To go before something To show that something is going to happen
Foresee	Foresaw	Foreseen	To predict or see the future
Foreshow	Foreshowed	Forshowed/Foreshown	To show something or make it known beforehand To foretell
Forespeak	Forespoke	Forespoken	To predict To speak of something beforehand
Foretell	Foretold	Foretold	To predict the future
Forget	Forgot	Forgotten	To be unable to remember something
Forgive	Forgave	Forgiven	To pardon or stop being angry with someone who has offended you
Forlese	Forlore	Forlorn	To lose completely
Forsake	Forsook	Forsaken	To give something up To abandon
Forswear	Forswore	Forsworn	To make a false promise or oath
Fraught	Fraught/Fraughted	Fraught/Fraughted	To stock To load a ship, etc To hire a ship, etc
Free-fall	Free-fell	Free-fallen	To drop or fall suddenly To fall through the air without opening a parachute
Freeze	Froze	Frozen	To make liquids into solids by cold temperatures To store food below zero degrees centigrade
Frostbite	Frostbit	Frostbitten	To injure or damage part of the body through extreme cold
G
Gainsay	Gainsaid	Gainsaid	To contradict or deny
Geld	Gelded/Gelt	Gelded/Gelt	To castrate an animal
Get	Got	Got/Gotten	To obtain, catch or receive
Ghostwrite	Ghostwrote	Ghostwritten	To write for someone else, who will put their name as the author
Gild	Gilt/Gilded	Gilt/Gilded	To cover something with a thin layer of gold
Gin	Gan	Gan	To begin something
Gird	Girded/Girt	Girded/Girt	To secure or encirle something with a belt or bend
Give	Gave	Given	To offer something as a present
Gnaw	Gnawed	Gnawed/Gnawn	To bite or chew To cause worry
Go	Went	Gone/Been	To travel to a place
Grave	Graved	Graven/Graved	To dig To carve To fix in the memory
Grind	Ground	Ground	To break something into a powder
Grow	Grew	Grown	To increase in size
H
Hagride	Hagrode	Hagridden	To torment or cause nightmares
Halterbreak	Halterbroke	Halterbroken	To break a horse in, to get it used to wearing a halter
Hamstring	Hamstrung/Hamstringed	Hamstrung/Hamstringed	To make things difficult for someone doing something
Hand-feed	Hand-fed	Hand-fed	To give food by hand
Hand-ride	Hand-rode	Hand-ridden	To control an animal by hand
Handsew	Handsewed	Handsewn/Handsewed	To sew by hand
Handwrite	Handwrote	Handwritten	To write with a pen or pencil rather than a word processor
Hang	Hung/Hanged	Hung/Hanged	To suspend from a support To execute someone by supending them by the neck
Have	Had	Had	To possess To do An auxiliary verb
Hear	Heard	Heard	To detect or perceive sound
Heave	Heaved/Hove	Heaved/Hove	To lift something heavy To throw something heavy
Hew	Hewed	Hewn	To cut things into pieces
Hide	Hid	Hidden	To conceal or put something where it cannot be seen
Hight	Hote/Hight	Hoten	To name To promise To command
Hit	Hit	Hit	To touch somebody or something with force
Hoise	Hoised/Hoist	Hoised/Hoist	To hoist or lift
Hoist	Hoist/Hoisted	Hoist/Hoisted	To raise or lift using ropes, etc
Hold	Held	Held	To secure something in your hand To contain
House-sit	House-sat	House-sat	To stay in someone's house to look after it while they are away
Housebreak	Housebroke	Housebroken	To train an animal to live in a house
Hurt	Hurt	Hurt	To cause pain, injury or stress To experience pain, injury or stress
I
Inbreed	Inbred	Inbred	To produce babies with health problems by sexual relations between close relatives
Indwell	Indwelt	Indwelt	To inhabit To exist as a guiding principle
Inhold	Inheld	Inheld	To have as an inherent characteristic
Inlay	Inlaid	Inlaid	To put a different material inside another for decoration, with a flat surface
Input	Input/Inputted	Input/Inputted	To enter data into a computer
Inset	Inset	Inset	To put a picture or graphic inside a lerger one
Interblend	Interblended/Interblent	Interblended/Interblent	To blend things together
Interbreed	Interbred	Interbred	To mix species or groups sexually
Intercut	Intercut	Intercut	To move between different scenes or stories in a film or narrative
Intergrave	Intergraved	Intergraved/Intergraven	To carve or engrave in alternate sections
Interlay	Interlaid	Interlaid	To place among or between things
Interset	Interset	Interset	To set among or between things
Interweave	Interwove	Interwoven	To join or mix together
Interwind	Interwound	Interwound	To wind together or intertwine
Inweave	Inwove/Inweaved	Inwoven/Inweaved	To weave things together
Inwind	Inwound	Inwound	To wrap or coil around
J
Jerry-build	Jerry-built	Jerry-built	To build something cheaply and badly
K
Keep	Kept	Kept	To have possession To make somebody or something stay in a particular place
Ken	Kent/Kenned	Kent/Kenned	To know
Kneel	Knelt/Kneeled	Knelt/Kneeled	To support yourself on your knees
Knit	Knit/Knitted	Knit/Knitted	To make clothes such as pullovers out of wool
Know	Knew	Known	To be acquainted with To have correctly in your memory
L
Lade	Laded	Laden/Laded	To load (put goods onto) a ship
Landslide	Landslid/Landslided	Landslid/Landslided	To win a convincing and easy victory in an election
Lay	Laid	Laid	To put something in a horizontal position
Lead	Led	Led	To take someone somewhere or guide them To be in command
Lean	Leant/Leaned	Leant/Leaned	To place something at an incline for support against something
Leap	Leapt/Leaped	Leapt/Leaped	To jump
Learn	Learnt/Learned	Learnt/Learned	To acquire knowledge
Leave	Left	Left	To go out of a place
Lend	Lent	Lent	To give somebody money that must be returned
Lep	Lept	Lept	To leap
Let	Let	Let	To allow something to happen To allow someone to do something
Lie	Lay	Lain	To get into or be in a horizontal position
Light	Lit	Lit	To make something burn
Linebreed	Linebred	Linebred	Breed animals from a particular family
Lip-Read	Lip-Read	Lip-Read	To work out what someone is saying from the movements of their mouth
Lose	Lost	Lost	Not to have something because you do not know where it is
Make	Made	Made	To create or construct something To cause somebody to do something To perform an action
Mean	Meant	Meant	To signify To intend
Meet	Met	Met	To make somebody's acquaintance To be in the same place as somebody
Melt	Melted	Molten/Melted	To change from solid into a liquid as the temperature goes up
Misbecome	Misbecame	Misbecome	Not to suit
Miscast	Miscast	Miscast	To choose the wrong actor for a role
Mischoose	Mischose	Mischosen	To choose wrongly
Miscut	Miscut	Miscut	To cut something wrongly or badly
Misdeal	Misdealt	Misdealt	To distribute playing cards wrongly in a game
Misdo	Misdid	Misdone	To harm or injure
Misfall	Misfell	Misfallen	To happen unluckily
Misfeed	Misfed	Misfed	To feed incorrectly To jam printers, photocpiers, etc, by feeding the paper incorrectly
Misgive	Misgave	Misgiven	To become suspicious or worried
Mishear	Misheard	Misheard	To hear something incorrectly
Mishit	Mishit	Mishit	To hit a ball badly or inaccurately
Misknow	Misknew	Misknown	To have the wrong idea about something
Mislay	Mislaid	Mislaid	To lose or put something where you cannot find it
Mislead	Misled	Misled	To make someone behave wrongly To deceive
Mislearn	Mislearnt/Mislearned	Mislearnt/Mislearned	To learn wrongly
Misread	Misread	Misread	To read something incorrectly
Missay	Missaid	Missaid	To say something incorrectly To talk badly about someone
Missend	Missent	Missent	To send to the wrong place or person
Misset	Misset	Misset	To set or place wrongly or incorrectly
Misspeak	Misspoke	Misspoken	To say or pronounce something wrongly To say something that is incorrect or inaccurate
Misspell	Misspelt/Misspelled	Misspelt/Misspelled	To write a word without using the correct letters
Misspend	Misspent	Misspent	To waste time or money
Misswear	Misswore	Missworn	To swear or make an oath falsely
Mistake	Mistook	Mistaken	Not to understand To confuse somebody with someone else
Misteach	Mistaught	Mistaught	To teach wrongly or incorrectly
Mistell	Mistold	Mistold	To tell something wrongly
Misthink	Misthought	Misthought	To have mistaken thoughts or ideas
Misunderstand	Misunderstood	Misunderstood	Not to understand
Miswear	Misswore	Misworn	To wear badly
Miswed	Miswed/Miswedded	Miswed/Miswedded	To marry wrongly
Miswrite	Miswrote	Miswritten	To write something incorrectly
Mow	Mowed	Mown	To cut grass or cereals
N
Naysay	Naysaid	Naysaid	To oppose or criticise
Nose-dive	Nose-dived/Nose-dove	Nose-dived/Nose-dove	To dive or plunge nose first (aircraft)
O
Offset	Offset	Offset	To compenaste or counterbalance
Outbid	Outbid	Outbid	To offer more money than someone in an auction or sale
Outbreed	Outbred	Outbred	To breed faster than others
Outdo	Outdid	Outdone	To do better than someone
Outdraw	Outdrew	Outdrawn	To pull out To pull a gun faster than an opponent
Outdrink	Outdrank	Outdrunk	To drink more than someone else, usually alcohol
Outdrive	Outdrove	Outdriven	To drive faster or better
Outfight	Outfought	Outfought	To fight better than someone
Outfly	Outflew	Outflown	To fly faster or further
Outgrow	Outgrew	Outgrown	To grow faster than something or someone To become too big or mature for something
Outlay	Outlaid	Outlaid	To spend money for a particular purpose
Outleap	Outleapt/Outleaped	Outleapt/Outleaped	To jump or leap further or higher
Output	Output/Outputted	Output/Outputted	To put out or produce
Outride	Outrode	Outridden	To ride faster than someone
Outrun	Outran	Outrun	To run or go faster than someone
Outsee	Outsaw	Outseen	To see further To have greater foresight
Outsell	Outsold	Outsold	To sell more than something or someone
Outshine	Outshone	Outshone	To be better than someone
Outshoot	Outshot	Outshot	To shoot faster or better
Outsing	Outsang	Outsung	To sing better or louder than someone
Outsit	Outsat	Outsat	To sit for longer than someone
Outsleep	Outslept	Outslept	To sleep for longer than someone
Outsmell	Outsmelt/Outsmelled	Outsmelt/Outsmelled	To have a better sense of smell
Outspeak	Outspoke	Outspoken	To speak better or more than someone
Outspeed	Outsped	Outsped	To go faster than someone or something
Outspend	Outspent	Outspent	To spend more than someone
Outspin	Outspun	Outspun	To finish or die
Outspring	Outsprang	Outsprung	To spring or jump out
Outstand	Outstood	Outstood	To be clearly different or better
Outswear	Outswore	Outsworn	To exceed someone in swearing- oaths or bad language
Outswim	Outswam	Outswum	To swim faster or further than someone
Outtell	Outtold	Outtold	To be better or exceed in telling or calculating
Outthink	Outthought	Outthought	To think better ideas than someone
Outthrow	Outthrew	Outthrown	To throw further or more accurately
Outwear	Outwore	Outworn	To last longer (of materials, clothes, etc)
Outwind	Outwound	Outwound	To unloose
Outwork	Outworked/Outwrought	Outworked/Outwrought	To work harder or better
Outwrite	Outwrote	Outwritten	To be better at writing
Overbear	Overbore	Overborne	To use force or authority to control
Overbid	Overbid	Overbid	To bid more something is worth To bid more than you can win in a card game
Overblow	Overblew	Overblown	To become subdued To blow away To force too much
Overbreed	Overbred	Overbred	To breed too much so that features become excessive
Overbuild	Overbuilt	Overbuilt	To build too much, overdevelop
Overbuy	Overbought	Overbought	To buy too much To pay too much
Overcast	Overcast	Overcast	To become cloudy To sew with overcast stitiches (long slanting stitches)
Overcome	Overcame	Overcome	To master a problem or difficult situation To become helpless because of excessive emotions or physical difficulties
Overcut	Overcut	Overcut	To cut down more trees than permitted
Overdo	Overdid	Overdone	To do something to excess To cook something too much
Overdraw	Overdrew	Overdrawn	To take money out of an account so that a negative balance results
Overdrink	Overdrank	Overdrunk	To drink too much
Overdrive	Overdrove	Overdriven	To drive or work something too hard
Overeat	Overate	Overeaten	To eat too much
Overfeed	Overfed	Overfed	To give too much food
Overfly	Overflew	Overflown	To fly over a place
Overgrow	Overgrew	Overgrown	To grow too big or beyond a limit or boundary
Overhang	Overhung	Overhung	To be above something
Overhear	Overheard	Overheard	To hear something accidently that was not said to you
Overlay	Overlaid	Overlaid	To cover something with a layer
Overleap	Overleapt/Overleaped	Overleapt/Overleaped	To jump over
Overlearn	Overlearnt/Overlearned	Overlearnt/Overlearned	To continue learning afer having reached a basic proficiency
Overlie	Overlay	Overlain	To lie on top of To kill by lying on top of
Overpass	Overpast/Overpassed	Overpast/Overpassed	To cross, pass over
Overpay	Overpaid	Overpaid	To pay too much
Override	Overrode	Overridden	To ride through an enemy's country
Overrun	Overran	Overrun	To flood To invade and take control
Oversee	Oversaw	Overseen	To observe people's work to make sure that it is done properly
Oversell	Oversold	Oversold	To sell too much To publicise too much
Overset	Overset	Overset	To overpower
Oversew	Oversewed	Oversewn/Oversewed	To sew two edges together with stitches overlapping both
Overshoot	Overshot	Overshot	To go past a limit
Oversleep	Overslept	Overslept	To sleep too late
Oversow	Oversowed	Oversown/Oversowed	To sow on land that has already be sown
Overspeak	Overspoke	Overspoken	To speak too long or use too many words
Overspend	Overspent	Overspent	To spend more than allowed or budgeted
Overspill	Overspilt/Overspilled	Overspilt/Overspilled	To spill over To have a population that exceeds the space available
Overspin	Overspun	Overspun	To make something last too long
Overspread	Overspread	Overspread	To cover something
Overspring	Oversprang	Oversprung	To jump over
Overstand	Overstood	Overstood	Lose a sale of deal by sticking to a price or conditions unacceptable to the other party
Overstrew	Overstrewed	Overstrewed/Overstrewn	To sprinkle or strew something onto another thing
Overstride	Overstrode	Overstridden	To walk across or over To walk faster than someone To dominate
Overstrike	Overstruck	Overstruck	To stamp a new value or inscription on a old coin
Overstring	Overstrung	Overstrung	To tie a string too tightly To string piano bass strings across treble strings
Overtake	Overtook	Overtaken	To pass a vehicle that is going more slowly
Overthink	Overthought	Overthought	To think or plan too much
Overthrow	Overthrew	Overthrown	To remove someone forcibly from government or power
Overwear	Overwore	Overworn	To wear something too much or often, or wear it out
Overwind	Overwound	Overwound	To wind a clock or something too much so it strains the spring
Overwithhold	Overwithheld	Overwithheld	To deduct too much tax from a payment or salary
Overwrite	Overwrote	Overwritten	To record data on top of existing data, erasing the original
P
Partake	Partook	Partaken	To take part in something or a part of something, usually food
Pay	Paid	Paid	To give somebody money in exchange for things or services
Pen	Pent/Penned	Pent/Penned	To shut up or enclose in a cage, etc
Pinch-hit	Pinch-hit	Pinch-hit	To bat instead of a player in baseball, especially when a hit is needed
Plead	Pled/Pleaded	Pled/Pleaded	To tell a court that you are guilty or innocent To ask for special treatment by authorities, etc.
Potshot	Potshot/Potshotted	Potshot	To shoot at random To criticise at random
Practice-teach	Practice-taught	Practice-taught	To teach as part of training
Prebind	Prebound	Prebound	To bind before
Prebuild	Prebuilt	Prebuilt	Prefabricate
Precut	Precut	Precut	To cut something before selling or assembling it
Predo	Predid	Predone	To do something before a certain time of stage
Premake	Premade	Premade	To make something before a time or stage
Prepay	Prepaid	Prepaid	To pay for something using it
Presell	Presold	Presold	To sell before a certain time
Preset	Preset	Preset	To arrange something before it is needed
Preshrink	Preshrank	Preshrunk	To shrink a fabric before selling it so that it will not become smaller when washed
Presplit	Presplit	Presplit	To split or divide before a certain time
Price-cut	Price-cut	Price-cut	To cut or reduce prices
Proofread	Proofread	Proofread	To read something checking carefully for mistakes
Prove	Proved	Proven/Proved	To demonstrate that something is true
Put	Put	Put	To place something in a specific position
Q
Quick-freeze	Quick-froze	Quick-frozen	To freeze something rapidly
Quit	Quit	Quit	To stop doing something To resign from a job
R
Rap	Rapped/Rapt	Rapped/Rapt	To be very affected by strong emotion
Re-prove	Re-proved	Re-proven/Re-proved	To prove again
Read	Read	Read	To look at written words and understand them
Reave	Reft/Reaved	Reft/Reaved	To deprive To take by force
Reawake	Reawoke	Reawoken/Reawaken	To wake up again
Rebid	Rebid	Rebid	To bid again
Rebind	Rebound	Rebound	To cover a book again
Rebroadcast	Rebroadcast	Rebroadcast	To transmit something on televison or the radio again
Rebuild	Rebuilt	Rebuilt	To build something again
Recast	Recast	Recast	To replace an actor or actress
Recut	Recut	Recut	To cut again or differently
Redd	Redd/Redded	Redd/Redded	To save or rescue
Redeal	Redealt	Redealt	To deal playing cards again
Redo	Redid	Redone	To do something again
Redraw	Redrew	Redrawn	To draw again To change boundaries, frontiers, etc
Reeve	Rove/Reeved	Rove/Reeved	To gather together To thread something through a hole
Refit	Refit	Refit	To repair a ship, plane or vehicle To fit something again
Regrind	Reground	Reground	To grind again To smooth worn engine parts
Regrow	Regrew	Regrown	To grow again
Rehang	Rehung	Rehung	To hang again or in a different position
Rehear	Reheard	Reheard	To hear something again
Reknit	Reknit/Reknitted	Reknit/Reknitted	To knit again To join back together
Relay	Relaid	Relaid	To operate a system where things are replaced as they become used or tired
Relearn	Relearnt/Relearned	Relearnt/Relearned	To learn again
Relight	Relit/Relighted	Relit/Relighted	To light or start something burning again
Remake	Remade	Remade	To make something again, such as a new version of a film
Rend	Rent	Rent	To tear or rip
Repay	Repaid	Repaid	To pay somebody money owed
Reread	Reread	Reread	To read again
Rerun	Reran	Rerun	To show a film again
Resell	Resold	Resold	To sell something again
Resend	Resent	Resent	To send something again
Reset	Reset	Reset	To put something back to the original way it was organised
Resew	Resewed	Resewn/Reswed	To sew again
Reshoot	Reshot	Reshot	To shoot a film scene again
Resit	Resat	Resat	To take an exam or test again
Resow	Resowed	Resown/Resowed	To sow again
Respell	Respelled/Respelt	Respelled/Respelt	To spell again
Restring	Restrung	Restrung	To fit new strings on a musical instrument or a bow
Retake	Retook	Retaken	Take again, especially exams and tests
Reteach	Retaught	Retaught	To teach again
Retear	Retore	Retorn	To tear again, usually of injuries
Retell	Retold	Retold	To tell something again
Rethink	Rethought	Rethought	To think again
Retread	Retrod	Retrodden	To tread again To cut new tread in a tyre
Retrofit	Retrofit/Retrofitted	Retrofit/Retrofitted	To fit new parts into an older machine that weren't available when the machine was made
Rewake	Rewoke/Rewaked	Rewoken/Rewaked	To wake again
Rewear	Rewore	Reworn	To wear again
Reweave	Rewove/Reweaved	Rewoven/Reweaved	To weave again
Rewed	Rewed/Rewedded	Rewed/Rewedded	To marry again
Rewet	Rewet/Rewetted	Rewet/Rewetted	To wet again
Rewin	Rewon	Rewon	To win again
Rewind	Rewound	Rewound	To put a cassette or video back to the beginning
Rewrite	Rewrote	Rewritten	To write something again, usually with improvements
Rid	Rid/Ridded	Rid/Ridded	To dispose of
Ride	Rode	Ridden	To travel by horse, bike or motorbike
Ring	Rang	Rung	To telephone To make sounds with a bell
Rise	Rose	Risen	To move upwards
Rive	Rived	Riven/Rived	To break apart ot split
Rough-hew	Rough-hewed	Rough-hewn	To make a rough version of something
Roughcast	Roughcast	Roughcast	To prepare a rough form of something
Run	Ran	Run	To move quickly, so that both legs leave the ground
S
Sand-cast	Sand-cast	Sand-cast	To make a cast by pouring metal into a mold made of sand.
Saw	Sawed	Sawn/Sawed	To cut wood, etc, with a tool
Say	Said	Said	To speak words
See	Saw	Seen	To notice with your eyes
Seek	Sought	Sought	To try to find something
Self-feed	Self-fed	Self-fed	To feed itself without assistance
Self-sow	Self-sowed	Self-sown/Self-sowed	To sow itself without assistance
Sell	Sold	Sold	To receive money in exchange for goods
Send	Sent	Sent	To cause something to be taken to a specific destination, especially letters, message, etc.
Set	Set	Set	To place something somewhere To fix something in a particular position
Sew	Sewed	Sewn/Sewed	To join pieces of material together using thread
Shake	Shook	Shaken	To vibrate To make something vibrate
Shave	Shaved	Shaven/Shaved	To remove body hair
Shear	Shore/Sheared	Shorn/Sheared	To cut with scissors, especially wool from sheep
Shed	Shed	Shed	To fall off or let something fall off; snakes shed their skin
Shend	Shent	Shent	To shame or disgrace
Shew	Shewed	Shewn/Shewed	Show
Shine	Shone	Shone	To give off or reflect bright light
Shit	Shat/Shit	Shat/Shit	To get rid of solid body waste
Shoe	Shod	Shod	To provide with shoes, especially horses
Shoot	Shot	Shot	To fire a bullet from a gun To kill or hurt somebody with a gun
Shortcut	Shortcut	Shortcut	To use a shorter or quicker way of going somehere or doing something
Show	Showed	Shown	To allow somebody to see something so that they can become aware of it
Shrink	Shrank	Shrunk	To become smaller To make something smaller
Shrive	Shrove	Shriven	To confess or listen to a confession, a religious term
Shut	Shut	Shut	To close something
Sidewind	Sidewound	Sidewound	To move like the sidewinder snake
Sight-read	Sight-read	Sight-read	To read music
Sightsee	Sightsaw	Sightseen	To visit famous monuments, etc
Sing	Sang	Sung	To make music with your voice
Sink	Sank	Sunk	To move downwards in water To make something move downwards in water
Sit	Sat	Sat	To support your body with your buttocks not your feet, with the back in a vertical position as on a chair
Skywrite	Skywrote	Skywritten	To write in the sky with smoke
Slay	Slew	Slain	To kill
Sleep	Slept	Slept	To be in a relaxed state with your eyes closed
Slide	Slid	Slid/Slidden	To move on a smooth surface, such as ice
Sling	Slung	Slung	To throw something somewhere
Slink	Slunk	Slunk	To move in a suspicious and guilty way
Slit	Slit	Slit	To make a long thin cut in something
Smell	Smelt/Smelled	Smelt/Smelled	To detect odours with your nose To emit odours
Smite	Smote	Smitten	To hit
Snapshoot	Snapshot	Snapshot	Take a quick photograph
Sneak	Sneaked/Snuck	Sneaked/Snuck	To move around guiltily or to avoid being noticed
Soothsay	Soothsaid	Soothsaid	To predict the future
Sow	Sowed	Sown	To plant seeds in the ground to produce plants or cereals
Speak	Spoke	Spoken	To say words with your mouth To be able to use a language
Speed	Sped/Speeded	Sped/Speeded	To move quickly To drive faster than legally permitted
Spell	Spelt/Spelled	Spelt/Spelled	To use the correct combination of letters for a word
Spellbind	Spellbound	Spellbound	To put into a trance or captivate
Spend	Spent	Spent	To Use money to buy things To use time or energy doing something
Spill	Spilt/Spilled	Spilt/Spilled	To allow liquids out of their containers accidentally
Spin	Span/Spun	Spun	To turn repeatedly in circles around a fixed point To make something turn repeatedly in circles
Spit	Spat/Spit	Spat/Spit	To eject saliva, liquid or food from the mouth
Split	Split	Split	To divide To break open
Spoil	Spoilt/Spoiled	Spoilt/Spoiled	To let something go bad To go bad
Spoonfeed	Spoonfed	Spoonfed	To give someone information in small and very easy bits
Spread	Spread	Spread	To cover the surface of one thing with something else, like butter on bread
Spring	Sprang	Sprung	To jump To become active
Stall-feed	Stall-fed	Stall-fed	To feed or fatten an animal in a stall
Stand	Stood	Stood	To be in a vertical position with the weight on the feet To get into this position
Stave	Stove/Staved/Stoved	Stove/Staved/Stoved	To break a hole in something
Steal	Stole	Stolen	To take property or money that is not yours
Stick	Stuck	Stuck	To attach things with glue To insert a sharp object into something
Sting	Stung	Stung	To feel pain caused by an insect or plant or in a particular part of the body
Stink	Stank	Stunk	To smell very badly
Straphang	Straphung	Straphung	To hold a strap for support
Strew	Strewed	Strewn/Strewed	To distribute things randomly over a surface
Stride	Strode/Strided	Stridden	To walk confidently
Strike	Struck	Struck/Stricken	To stop working as a protest about working conditions To hit
String	Strung	Strung	To attach something using a cord
Strip	Stript/Stripped	Stript/Stripped	To undress To remove the covering of something
Strive	Strove	Striven	To try very hard to do something
Sublet	Sublet	Sublet	To rent something you have rented
Sunburn	Sunburned/Sunburnt	Sunburned/Sunburnt	To get red skin from being in the sun for too long
Swear	Swore	Sworn	To use words which are regarded as offensive To promise
Sweat	Sweat/Sweated	Sweat/Sweated	To perspire
Sweep	Swept/Sweeped	Swept/Sweeped	To clean floors using a brush
Swell	Swelled	Swollen	To increase in size usually by filling with liquids or gases
Swim	Swam	Swum	To travel in water by moving your arms and legs
Swing	Swung	Swung	To move from side to side from a fixed point
Swink	Swank/Swonk	Swonken	To work, toil or labour
Switch-hit	Switch-hit	Switch-hit	To bat right-handed against a left-handed bowler, or vice versa, in baseball
T
Take	Took	Taken	To perform an action To acquire
Teach	Taught	Taught	To instruct or train somebody
Team-teach	Team-taught	Team-taught	To teach with more than one teacher for the class or group
Tear	Tore	Torn	To make a hole or divide material, paper, etc.
Telecast	Telecast/Telecasted	Telecast/Telecasted	To broadcast on TV
Tell	Told	Told	To give somebody information
Test-drive	Test-drove	Test-driven	To drive a car to test it before buying
Test-fly	Test-flew	Test-flown	To test a plane
Think	Thought	Thought	To have an opinion To use the brain
Thrive	Throve/Thrived	Thriven/Thrived	To do very well because the circumstances or situation is right
Throw	Threw	Thrown	To cause an object to leave your hand in such a way that it travels through the air
Thrust	Thrust	Thrust	To push with force
Thunderstrike	Thunderstruck	Thunderstruck/Thunderstricken	To strike with lightning / To shock
Tine	Tint/Tined	Tint/Tined	To shut
Tread	Trod	Trodden	To put your foot down
Troubleshoot	Troubleshot	Troubleshot	To solve a problem
Typecast	Typecast	Typecast	To give an actor the same sort of role repeatedly
Typeset	Typeset	Typeset	To compose type for printing
Typewrite	Typewrote	Typewritten	To write with a typewriter
U
Unbear	Unbore	Unborn/Unborne	To remove a horse's rein and straps
Unbend	Unbent	Unbent	To retore something to its original shape that has been distorted
Unbind	Unbound	Unbound	To set something free To untie, remove ropes, chains, etc..
Unbuild	Unbuilt	Unbuilt	To demolish
Unclothe	Unclad/Unclothed	Unclad/Unclothed	To remove clothes
Underbid	Underbid	Underbid/Underbidden	To offer less money in an auction or sale
Underbuy	Underbought	Underbought	To buy for less than the real value
Undercut	Undercut	Undercut	To sell at a cheaper price than a competitor
Underdo	Underdid	Underdone	To do less than necessary Not to cook enough
Underfeed	Underfed	Underfed	To give too little food to someone or an animal
Undergird	Undergirt/Undergirded	Undergirt/Undergirded	To make something secure underneath / To give moral support
Undergo	Underwent	Underwent	To suffer or go through an unpleasant experience, such as surgery
Underlay	Underlaid	Underlaid	To put underneath something
Underlet	Underlet	Underlet	To rent for less than the real value
Underlie	Underlay	Underlain	To be the real reason, meaning or idea behind something, usually hidden or not clear
Underpay	Underpaid	Underpaid	To pay someone too little or pay less than the price
Underrun	Underran	Underran	To pass or flow underneath something
Undersell	Undersold	Undersold	To sell at a lower price than a competitor
Undershoot	Undershot	Undershot	To shoot too short Not to reach a traget
Underspend	Underspent	Underspent	To sepnd less money than allocated in the department or company's budget
Understand	Understood	Understood	To know or come to know the meaning of something
Undertake	Undertook	Undertaken	To accept responsibility for doing something
Underthrust	Underthrust	Underthrust	To insert faulted rock under a passive rock mass
Underwrite	Underwrote	Underwritten	To accept part or all of a financial risk, especially insurance
Undo	Undid	Undone	To ruin somebody's reputation To 'open' clothes or shoes before taking them off
Undraw	Undrew	Undrawn	To open a curtain To withdraw To open, draw back (curtains, etc)
Unfreeze	Unfroze	Unfrozen	To make assets availably for use To thaw something
Unhang	Unhung	Unhung	To remove something that is hanging
Unhide	Unhid	Unhidden	To expose something that was hidden
Unhold	Unheld	Unheld	To stop holding or not to hold
Unknit	Unknit/Unknitted	Unknit/Unknitted	To untie
Unlade	Unladed	Unladen/Unladed	To remove cargo, unload
Unlay	Unlaid	Unlaid	To untwist a rope
Unlearn	Unlearnt/Unlearned	Unlearnt/Unlearned	To try to forget or change a habit or something that had been learned
Unmake	Unmade	Unmade	To remove a decision
Unreeve	Unrove/Unreeved	Unrove/Unreeved	To remove a rope from a hook
Unsay	Unsaid	Unsaid	Not to say something To take back something that you said
Unsell	Unsold	Unsold	To convince someone that something is worthless or false
Unsew	Unsewed	Unsewn/Unsewed	To undo someone sewed, remove the stitches
Unsling	Unslung	Unslung	To remove something held in a sling
Unspeak	Unspoke	Unspoken	To take back what has been said or not to say something
Unspin	Unspun	Unspun	Unspun
Unstick	Unstuck	Unstuck	To seperate things that have been stuck together To take off
Unstring	Unstrung	Unstrung	To open something secured with string
Unswear	Unswear	Unsworn	To take back an oath
Unteach	Untaught	Untaught	To make someone forget something they have learned
Unthink	Unthought	Unthought	To remove something from your mind
Untread	Untrod	Untrodden	To tread back, retrace your steps
Unweave	Unwove	Unwoven	To undo things that have been woven together
Unwind	Unwound	Unwound	To relax
Unwrite	Unwrote	Unwritten	To delete writing or not to write
Upbuild	Upbuilt	Upbuilt	To build up, develop on a large scale
Uphold	Upheld	Upheld	To support or confirm a decision
Uppercut	Uppercut	Uppercut	To punch upwards towards someone's chin
Uprise	Uprose	Uprisen	To get up, stand up, move up To return from the dea
Upset	Upset	Upset	To make somebody unhappy or disturbed
Upspring	Upsprang	Upsprung	To jump or spring up
Upsweep	Upswept	Upswept	To sweep or brush upwards
Uptear	Uptore	Uptorn	To tear into pieces
V
Vex	Vext/Vexed	Vext/Vexed	To trouble or annoy
W
Wake	Woke	Woken	To stop sleeping and become conscious To make somebody stop sleeping
Waylay	Waylaid	Waylaid	To wait for or to stop somebody to rob them
Wear	Wore	Worn	To have clothes on your body
Weave	Wove	Woven	To make material
Wed	Wed/Wedded	Wed/Wedded	To marry
Weep	Wept	Wept	Wept
Wend	Wended/Went	Wended/Went	To go, make your way
Wet	Wet/Wetted	Wet/Wetted	To make something wet by applying a liquid to it
Whipsaw	Whipsawed	Whipsawn/Whipsawed	To cut with whipsaw (a saw for two people) To victimis
Win	Won	Won	To be the best in a competition, game, election, etc.
Wind	Wound	Wound	To turn something round to make a mechanical process operate
Winterfeed	Winterfed	Winterfed	To feed cattle in the winter when they can't graze
Wiredraw	Wiredrew	Wiredrawn	To make wire To make something last a long time, especially speech
Wit	Wist	Wist	To know
Withdraw	Withdrew	Withdrawn	To remove money from a bank To remove something from a place
Withhold	Withheld	Withheld	Not to let somebody have something
Withstand	Withstood	Withstood	To resist successfully
Wont	Wont	Wont/Wonted	To be accustomed
Work	Worked/Wrought	Worked/Wrought	To make physical or mental effort to produce or achieve something
Wrap	Wrapped/Wrapt	Wrapped/Wrapt	To cover To transport emotionally
Wreak	Wreaked	Wreaked/Wroken	To cause or make something happen
Wring	Wrung	Wrung	To put a lot of pressure on something to remove liquids
Write	Wrote	Written	To put words onto paper using a pen or pencil
Z
Zinc	Zinced/Zincked	Zinced/Zincked	To coat or cover something with a layer of zinc

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